For Pete's Sake - who is Pete?

We older adults occasionally have phrases we use but never understand why.  For example, “for Pete’s sake” is typically used instead of profanity or just a time of complete exasperation.  I always thought it was from my great uncle Peter, who was an overachiever, and people always tried to achieve what he did in a day.  So, I researched this phrase to see where it may have been derived.  I discovered that “Pete” is not my Great Uncle or a person.

So what is “For Pete’s sake”?  If I look at each word independently.  Pete is typically a human, usually a male.  According to Merriam-Webster, sake means “an end, a purpose,” “a good, advantage, or enhancement of some entity,” or “personal or social welfare, safety, or benefit.”  So, does it mean “for the benefit of Pete?”

After overthinking the issue, I believe it originated as a less offensive alternative to phrases like "for Christ's sake" or "for God's sake" using a shortened version of St. Peter's name.  This correlates with other Pete phrases, such as "for the love of Pete" and "in the name of Pete."

The Oxford English Dictionary cited “for Pete’s sake” in the 1903 Oxford English Dictionary.  Yet it was used in Shakespeare’s Othello.  I speculate that the phrase “for peace’s sake” is where it started.  I believe the pronunciation of “Pete” and “peace” were similar, misheard, and repeated.  

Now, what about “Heavens to Betsy,” “by George,” or “What in Sam Hill?” predates all of them?  There are so many phrases that will die with my generation.  Now I hear “Rad,” “BAE (before anyone else),” “calp back,” or “OK boomer.”  Makes me think more than I want to about history and change.

Carry on, my friends, carry on!